Digital Photo Imaging

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Digital Photo Imaging

With billions of images snapped and shared each year, photography is more popular than ever. If photography has never been more popular, it is largely due to its simplicity. Modern cameras make it simple to snap and share photographs, and editing software can provide stunning results. The drawback is that this intriguing technology makes it all too easy to overlook photography’s fundamentals. Digital technology has advanced to a high level of quality, and electronic medical data storage is becoming more popular by the day. A digital library of patient photos is required for the plastic surgeon’s everyday medical practise due to the quick access and easy handling of this information. This technology has been around for a long time. However, until recently, the exorbitant expense of photographic equipment limited the adoption of this form of photography. Ideal digital photographic equipment is now more affordable, and PCs also come with hard drives that can store and organise hundreds of thousands of photos. Compact digital cameras are still the most commonly used digital equipment in plastic surgery. With the fall in the cost of advanced cameras, such as SLRs, in the last ten years, it is critical that plastic surgeons take the next step and invest in higher-quality, more versatile equipment for their consultations. To capture optimum images and digitally standardise the evolution of the patient through the shooting of photographs, we require a basic understanding of photography. We achieve not only a superior quality of photographs by purchasing good photographic equipment and setting up a proper studio, but the patient will notice the sincerity, quality of care, and service that the doctor will provide.

Taking full control of the camera is essential for improving photography. Certain features of photography, such as the ability to set exposure, are often locked or restricted on many smartphones and tiny cameras. It is highly advised that you utilise a bridge camera (also known as a hybrid or prosumer) or an interchangeable lens system camera to get the best results (or system camera for short). The latter is preferred since, as the name implies, we can change lenses to fit a specific task.

Other accessories, such as flashguns, can be added to system cameras to increase their capabilities. Digital single lens reflex (dSLR) and mirrorless cameras are the two types of system cameras. A light-sensitive surface can be found within every digital camera.

A digital sensor captures and records the exact amount of light that falls over it when the shutter button is pressed to take a photo. This data is then translated into the data needed to create a digital image in-camera. Light either comes directly from the light source to the camera (incidental light) or bounces off objects in the scene before reaching the camera (bounced light) ( reflected light). Millions of small cavities known as photosites cover a digital sensor.

Light particles (photons) fall into photosites when they are exposed to light. When the exposure is over, the camera counts the quantity of photons in each photosite and utilises that information to make a photo.

The image’s darkest parts are those where the photosites recorded the fewest photons.

More photons were detected in brighter locations. Light must be focused accurately onto the sensor in order to produce a sharp shot. This is accomplished by the employment of a lens, which is a glass (or plastic) optical system. Two physical mechanisms regulate the amount of light that reaches the sensor. The first is the aperture, which is an iris inside the lens.

The shutter, a mechanical curtain that sits right in front of the sensor, is the second. These two controls function similarly to a tap, allowing you to switch on and off the flow of photons to the sensor. When you push the shutter button, the shutter opens to reveal the sensor, stays open for the shutter speed, and then shuts. The camera evaluates the light and creates an image that is saved to the memory card. On its own, a photosite merely captures brightness levels. A colour filter — red, green, or blue – is put over each photosite to record colour. This filtering blocks light with colours that aren’t the same as the filter.

The primary colours are red, green, and blue. It is possible to make all of the colours that the human eye can see by blending red, green, and blue in varying quantities. The relative proportions of red, green, and blue in a digital photo are represented by three integers, one for each red, green, and blue in that sequence (commonly shortened to RGB).

This range begins at 0, which denotes the absence of colour, and ends at 255, which denotes the maximum intensity of a colour.

1 When red and green are blended to their maximum intensity, yellow is produced.

2 Cyan is made up of the colours green and blue.

3 Magenta is created by mixing red and blue.

4 When all of the colours are blended, the result is white.

5 There is no colour that makes black.

Camera Types

1.Cameraphone-In this category comes smartphones, tablets i-pad or i-phones camera.

These have following advantages:

-Easy to Carry and portability

-Image alterations with the use of apps possible.

Disadvantages:

-Fixed focal length of lens

-Restricted resolution and image quality

2.Compact Camera – This camera is less expensive with ordinary features. It is easy to carry and has good zooming capacity in comparison to cameraphone.

It has following limitations:

-physical controls  provisions are limited on camera

-low light capability is not present

-shooting modes are limited

-RAW shoot is difficult

3.Prosumer Camera also known as Bridge Camera-It is relatively cheaper in comparison to advanced System Camera and has more control on exposure in comparison to the previous two types. It has fixed zoom lens and poor image quality in comparison to System Camera.

4.System Camera-This the best camera with best image quality and versatile in application. It has got expandable capabilities. This type of camera is very expensive and bulky to carry. It has got two basic subtypes

a) Digital SLR camera

Optical Viewfinder: The image from the lens is projected onto the Viewfinder through a mirror and a pentaprism.

Advantages

1. Because it’s based on earlier film-based systems, there’s a large choice of lenses and accessories to choose from.

2. Compared to mirrorless cameras, focusing is often faster.

3. Long-lasting battery

Disadvantages

1. Mirrorless cameras and lenses have larger bodies and lenses.

2. To preview photographs on-screen, you must switch to Live View mode.

b) Mirrorless Camera

The image from the sensor is sent straight to the LCD or electronic Viewfinder.

Advantages

1. It’s a completely digital system, hence the lenses are designed specifically for shooting digital photographs.

2. Size and weight are both relatively small.

3.Frame rate (the number of shots per second that a camera can take) is often higher than dSLRs.

Disadvantages

1. Battery life is less than that of a dSLR.

2. A viewfinder isn’t available on every mirrorless camera.