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24. Menopause Part-2
Hi guys, so in previous video, we have learned that what is menopause and what other symptoms of menopause? In this video we will learn about the diseases caused during menopause and what are the risk factors including what is HRT and who needs that ?
The first one is cardiovascular disease, it happens when the estrogen is cardio protective maintaining a high density lipoprotein (HDL ),
Lowering low-density LDL and triglycerides ,
Estrogen deficiency leads to atherosclerosis , ischemic heart disease,
Myocardial infarction .
The second one is stroke , incidence of stroke increases in menopausal woman .
The third one is skin , collagen content is reduced, causing skin to wrinkle. The fourth one is Alzheimer’s disease which is precipitated by estrogen deficiency at menopause.
The fifth one is endocrine system
Mild virilization as seen in hirsutism .
Hypothyroidism with low basal metabolic rate , high cholesterol level , dryness of skin , brittleness of air , lack of concentration.
The sixth one is pyometra :
After menopause a woman many develop senile pyometra caused by cervical stenosis ,and needs drainage by cervical dilatation under general anesthesia .
How do we approach to a menopausal woman ?
we should take the history of different symptoms , we should do pelvic examination and Pap smear, we should check blood sugar lipid profile and ECG. We should perform mammography and ultrasound. We should also perform endometrial biopsy in women of HRT. Now let us know about the drug we can give during menopause, they are mild tranquillizers.
Antidepressant drugs like venlafaxine , the dose is 30 to 150 mg daily .
The second one is paroxetine the dose is 10 to 20 mg daily .
The third one is Gabapentin , the dose is 300 mg three times a day .
Hormone replacement therapy, who needs that ?
Symptomatic women who suffer from estrogen deficiency. ( therapeutic )
high-risk causes for menopause related complications such as cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, and stroke .
Gonadal diagnosis in adolescence.
Now let us come to know about the uses of hormone replacement therapy. In case of short term it is used to keep a check on hot flashes, vasomotor symptoms, dyspareunia , libido , urethral syndrome .
In case of long term it is used to keep a check on osteoporosis , cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer’s disease.
This is all about menopause, see you in the next video , thank you !
